What does the term 'kyphosis' describe?

Kyphosis describes an excessive curvature of the spine that results in a rounded appearance of the upper back. This condition often occurs in the thoracic spine and can lead to a hunched posture. It is important to understand that while some curvature of the spine is normal, kyphosis involves an increase in this curvature, which can be attributed to factors such as aging, degenerative diseases, or osteoporosis.

The other options describe different spinal conditions or anatomical features. Anterior curvature of the spine refers to lordosis, which is a differing curvature. Lateral curvature of the spine is known as scoliosis, distinguishing it from kyphosis. An opening in the urethra is generally not related to spinal anatomy and typically refers to a condition known as meatal stenosis. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for accurately conveying information about spinal health and related conditions.